Diabetes

What is Diabetes

Diabetes is a disease that occur when your blood glucose also called Blood Sugar is too high. Hormone insulin moves sugar from the blood into your cells to be stored or used for energy. With Diabetes your body either does not make enough Insulin or can not effectively use the insulin it does make.

Types of Diabetes

1. Type 1 Diabetes

Type  1 Diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The immune system attack and destroy cells in the pancreas where insulin is made.

2. Type 2 Diabetes

It occurs when your body become resistant to insulin and sugar builds up in your blood.

3. Pre-Diabetes

Pre Diabetes occurs when your blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough for diagnosis of type 2 Diabetes.

4. Gestational Diabetes

Gestational Diabetes is high blood sugar during pregnancy.

Symptoms

1. Polydipsia

2. Polyurea 

3. Poly phagia

4. Blurry vision

5. Weight loss

6. Extreme fatigue

7. Sore that not heal

Risk Factors

1. Family history

2. Lack of exercise

3. Genetic 

4. Obesity

Complications

1. Diabetic ketoacidosis

2. Heart diseases

3. Stroke

4. Kidney failure

5. Cognitius impairment 

6. Foot ulcers

7. Gastroparisis

Diagnosis and Tests

1. Hemoglobin A1C test

2. Fasting plasma blood glucose

3. Random plasma glucose test

4. Blood glucose test

5. Glucose in urine test

6. Ketone in blood 

7. Ketone in urine

Treatment

There are a number of different classes of antidiabetic medications.

1. Type 1 can only be treated with insulin

2. Medication for type 2 are available by mouth such as metformin while others by injection such as GLP-1 agnostics

3. Others agents that increase insulin release are sulfonylureas, acarbose, thiazolidinedione e.t.c.