What is Malaria

Hello friends today post is about Malaria.This post include the clinical features, species involved, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Malaria.

What is Malaria

Malaria is caused by plasmodium parasites.It spread through the bite of infected Anopheles Mosquito.

Species

There are 4 parasite species of malaria,

1. P.Falciparum 

2. P. Ovale

3. P.Malaria

4.P.Vivax

Clinical Features

Clinical feature depend's on the type of Malaria.

Sign and Symptoms of P.Vivax and P.Ovale

1. Fever after every 48 Hours.

2. Rigors

3. Gradual hepatosplenomegaly

4. Anemia develop slowly.

5. Relapse is common.

Sign and Symptoms of P.Malaria

1. Fever after every 3rd day

2. Chills

3. Headache

4. Nausea

5. Diarrhea

6. Abdominal Pain

Sign and Symptoms of P.Falciparum

1. Most dangerous type.

2. Insidious on set.

3. Malaise.

4. Headache.

5. Vomiting.

6. Fever.

7. Cough.

8. Diarrhea.

9. Jaundice.

10. Tender Hepatosplenomegaly.

11. Anemia develop rapidly.

Diagnosis

Malaria should be suspected clinically,

1. Thick and Thin Blood films.

2. Immunochromatographic "Dipstick" test for P.Falciparum.

3. Complete Blood Count (CBC) in CBC low HB and low Platelets.

4. Hypoglycemia to rule out cerebral area Malaria.

5. Urea and creatinine.

Treatment

Following drugs are used for the Treatment of Malaria,

1. Chloroquine.

2. Premaquine 15 mg daily for 14 days.

3. Screen for g6pd deficiency before starting premaquine.

4. Therapy 

5. For the treatment of severe malaria artresunate is used.

Prevention

1. Avoid Mosquito bite,use nets repelent creams and sprays.

2.Chemoprophylaxis